背包调试101

　　By John Harlin, BACKPACKER Contributing Editor, June 2000

　　下面是保证背包从痛苦中解脱的7条戒律：

　　适合你的躯干

　　你的高度不决定你的躯干长度！为了测量你躯干，伸出一个软的卷尺测量从你第七块脊椎骨（以你的脖子为出发点有很多突出的骨头）沿着你脊椎骨的轮廓向下直到你臀骨之间的那个低的尖端。为了找到那个点，在各自的臀部放一支手，用你的拇指指着那个点。

　　这个线连接着你的拇指就是你要测量的结果了。如果你的躯干少于18英寸（注：约合0.4575米）长，你是典型地应该用小（small）的背负系统；18到20英寸（注：约合0.4575米--0.5083米）要求一个中等（medium）的背负；21英寸（注：约合0.5338米）以上需要一个大（large）的背负系统。

　　减轻你髋骨的痛苦

　　那个是髋部的带子(hipbelt)，而不是一个腰带。它应该骑在你的髋部（从腰部至大腿向侧方伸出的骨盆或骨盆部位的突出部分），以转移重量到你的骨骼结构上。这是因为这种带子到骨骼的联系，带子是有护垫的。确定这个护垫在前面不会接触；你将需要一些空间去系紧它。

　　适合你的肩部

　　一些肩带从背负冒出像个大Y字，有些像个大H。一些你能够调节到适合你的脖子和肩部。肩带应该把背包固定恰好在你的肩膀顶部的下面。从那里，他们应该成为一个与你的肩部紧密结合的外套。带子的底部至少应该在你的腋窝下留出一个手掌的宽度，这样它不会缩上去。如果这些带子不能够匹配你脖子和肩部的轮廓，它们将会夹痛你，给你留下瘀伤。

　　调节你的起重带子

　　以完美的45度角，起重带子（load-lifter strap）将帮助你移去在你肩部周围的重量，或者甚至让重量离开你的肩部移到你的髋部。一旦你的腰带（注：即髋部的带子 hipbelt）和肩带调整得非常正确，感觉就好像一个皮带从你的肩膀顶部一直跑到框架并且拉紧了它。

　　不要让你的胸带使得呼吸困难

　　这个带子和带扣是连接两个肩带的，以操纵压力落在你肩部的哪个位置。移动这个带子的上或下以获得最舒适的位置。

　　保持你的头部活动自由

　　背包如果装得太多或者太高，你将不能向上看小鸟和云彩。调节你的头包让它倾斜远离你的头部。

　　协调你的负重

　　你最好的办法是在买包的时候假装你正在考虑出去进行一次长途寒冷的远足。把你需要的所有的东西都装进一个帆布袋子，包括食物（允许每天1到2磅），并且把它们在你做为决赛选手的那些背包里放好。然后背着这堆东西四处走走，多走几次。

　　原文如下：

　　Pack Fitting 101

　　By John Harlin, BACKPACKER Contributing Editor, June 2000

　　Following these seven commandments will guarantee pack nirvana:

　　Fit Thy Torso

　　Your height does not determine your torso length! To measure your torso, drape a soft tape measure from the seventh vertebrae (the bony protrusion at the base of your neck) down along the contour of your spine to the low point between your hipbones. To find that point, place a hand on each hip with your thumbs pointing in. The line connecting your thumbs is what you're measuring to. If your torso is less than 18 inches long, you'll typically take a small suspension system; 18 to 20 inches calls for a medium; 21 inches or more requires a large.

　　Console Thy Hips That's a hipbelt, not a waistbelt. It should ride on your hips, transferring the weight to your skeletal structure. It's because of this belt-to-bone contact that the belt is padded. Make sure the pads don't touch in front; you'll need some room to cinch it.

　　Suit Thy Yoke

　　Some shoulder straps sprout from the harness in a Y, others in an H. Some you can adjust to suit your neck and shoulders. The straps should anchor to the pack just below the crest of your shoulders. From there, they should make a close-contact wrap of your shoulders. The bottom of the strap should rest at least a hand's width below your armpit so that it doesn't ride up. If the straps don't match the contours of your neck and shoulders, they will pinch and bruise.

　　Adjust Thy Load-lifters

　　At the ideal angle of 45 degrees, load-lifter straps will help you move the weight around on your shoulders, or even off of your shoulders and onto your hips. Once your hipbelt and shoulder straps fit just right, feel for a strap that runs from the top of your shoulder strap up to the frame and tighten it.

　　Don't Choke On Thy Sternum Strap

　　This webbing and buckle connect the two shoulder straps, guiding where the pressure falls on your shoulders. Move the strap up or down to its most comfortable position.

　　Clear Thy Head

　　Load the pack too full and high, and you won't be able to look up at the birds or clouds. Adjust the lid pocket so it leans away from your head.

　　Reconcile Thy Load

　　Your best bet when shopping is to pretend you're heading out on a long, cold hike. Load everything you'll need into a duffel, including food (allow 11Z2 to 2 pounds per day), and try to fit it into the packs you've chosen as finalists. Then march around the block a couple of times.